基于入耳式耳机电阻抗特性的个性化均衡研究*

入耳式耳机封闭耳道会大幅改变耳道辐射阻抗,使得耳道内声压产生畸变进而导致头中定位效应。该文首次通过建模分析耳机与外耳耦合时声负载的变化,建立起耳机电阻抗与个性化耳机-耳道传递函数的关系。根据耳机电阻抗设计个性化滤波器以消除传递函数中高Q值的共振峰,均衡耳道内声压畸变。主观实验结果表明,基于耳机电阻抗特性的个性化均衡对于消除头中定位效应有显著作用。     

利用水平阵模态域波束形成判别声源深度*

针对近水面声源和水下声源的深度判别问题,根据近水面声源难以激发低阶模态的物理现象,研究利用声源波数谱结构和波数位置的不同来分辨近水面声源和水下声源。通过采用MVDR的谱估计方法进行模态域波束形成,补偿水平阵各阵元之间各号简正波的相位差,获得主瓣窄、旁瓣低的声源信号波数谱。波数谱的波数位置与频率呈近似线性关系,水中声速剖面、海底参数、海深都会影响波数谱的具体结构和位置。此外,声源信号的到达角估计误差同样也会影响波数谱主瓣的位置估计。数值仿真结果表明,在浅海负跃层声速剖面条件下,可利用水平阵模态域波束形成判别声源深度,区分近水面声源和水下声源。     

基于稀疏表示和特征加权的离格双耳声源定位*

基于头相关传递函数数据库的传统双耳声源定位方法的定位角度往往被限定在头相关传递函数数据库的离散测量点上。当头相关传递函数数据库的测量方位角间隔较大时,这类算法的性能会显著下降,这就是典型的离格问题。该文提出了基于加权宽带稀疏贝叶斯学习的离格双耳声源定位算法。首先该算法建立离格双耳信号的稀疏表示模型,然后利用双耳相干与扩散能量比特征对各个频点进行加权以降低噪声和混响的影响,最后通过加权宽带稀疏贝叶斯学习方法估计离格声源的方位角。实验结果表明,该算法在各种复杂的声学环境下都有着较高的定位精度和鲁棒性,特别是提高了离格条件下的声源定位性能。     

基于多星同步检测的惯导误差实时测量方法

针对目前利用单星分时测量方法检测惯性导航装备姿态误差存在的疑义,提出利用多星同步检测定位定向技术实现惯导姿态误差实时测量。对测量方案进行初步设计,重点介绍大视场多星定位定向技术的基本原理和数学模型。并对星体静态检测、动态检测和星图识别等关键技术进行理论分析计算,为提高惯性导航装备姿态误差实时测量精度提供了一种可行的方法。误差分析计算结果表明,静态条件下位置精度小于100m,满足测量要求。     

Transport properties of a ladder with two random dimer chains

We investigate the transport properties of a ladder with two random dimer (RD) chains. It is found that there are two extended states in the ladder with identical RD chains and a critical state regarded as an extended state in the ladder with pairing RD chains. Such a critical state is caused by the chiral symmetry. The ladder with identical RD chains can be decoupled into two isolated RD chains and the ladder with pairing RD chains can not. The analytic expressions of the extended states are presented for the ladder with identical RD chains.     

Effects of electron temperature on dielectric function and localization of laser beams in underdense collisional plasma

Effects of electron temperature on dielectric function and localization of laser beams in underdense collisional plasmas are investigated. Simulation results show that the electron temperature has a strong effect on the dielectric constant and the laser beam localization. It is observed that due to the influence of the electron temperature, the dielectric function presents some interesting and complicated nonlinear variations, and gives rise to the laser beam localization. Moreover, the amplitudes of the beam width and the beam intensity are subjected to continuously oscillatory variation in the region of localization. In addition, the effects of several parameters on the dielectric function and the beam localization are discussed.     

T尾结构振动的模态局部化判据研究

用峰值振幅比定义局部化度,用平尾刚度与垂尾刚度的比值定义耦合度.基于T尾结构的质量失调模型,从模态峰值振幅比、失调耦合比、常规摄动和近频摄动4个角度,提出4个不同的局部化判据来预测T尾结构模态局部化的发生.对一个T尾结构模型局部化振动的数值分析结果表明:(1)T尾结构系统一般具有弱耦合性,小量的失调就可以使T尾结构发生模态局部化;(2)T尾结构一旦发生模态局部化,不但使对称一弯模态和反对称一弯模态的振型发生较大改变,而且其模态频率也将改变,模态频率的改变在失调量的正负区间内具有唯一性;(3)算例验证了4个模态局部化判据的可行性和有效性,为T尾结构的模态局部化分析和设计提供了依据.     

On the modified discrete KP equation with self-consistent sources

The modified discrete KP equation is the Bäcklund transformation for the Hirota’s discrete KP equation or the Hirota-Miwa equation. We construct the modified discrete KP equation with self-consistent sources via source generation procedure and clarify the algebraic structure of the resulting coupled modified discrete KP system by presenting its discrete Gram-type determinant solutions. It is also shown that the commutativity between the source generation procedure and Bäcklund transformation is valid for the discrete KP equation. Finally, we demonstrate that the modified discrete KP equation with self-consistent sources yields the modified differential-difference KP equation with self-consistent sources through a continuum limit. The continuum limit of an explicit solution to the modified discrete KP equation with self-consistent sources also gives the explicit solution for the modified differential-difference KP equation with self-consistent sources.     

Quantum simulation of disordered systems with cold atoms

This paper reviews the physics of quantum disorder in relation with a series of experiments using laser-cooled atoms exposed to “kicks” of a standing wave, realizing a paradigmatic model of quantum chaos, the kicked rotor. This dynamical system can be mapped onto a tight-binding Hamiltonian with pseudo-disorder, formally equivalent to the Anderson model of quantum disorder, with quantum chaos playing the role of disorder. This provides a very good quantum simulator for the Anderson physics.     

Electron localization of H_2~+ in a dc electric field

A dc electric field is utilized to steer the electron motion after the molecular ion H_2~+ is excited by an ultrashort ultraviolet laser pulse. The numerical simulation shows that the electron localization distribution and the dissociation control ratio are dependent on the polarization direction and amplitude of the dc electric field. Most electrons of the dissociation state move opposite to the dc electric field and stabilize at the dressed-up potential well, for the dressed-down well is occupied by the electrons of the 1 sσ_g state.